Ancient Egypt Timeline 3500-332BCE

Iry Hor
Ka

Early people settled in the Nile Valley
Farming began in the Nile region

Narner (Menes) – c 3100
Hor Aha – c 3050
Djer – c 3000
Djet – c 2980 – 2970
Den – c 2970 – 2928
Adjib – c 2928 – 2920
Semerkhet – c 2920 – 2912
Qa’a – c 2912 – 2890

North and South Egypt united by Narner
Hieroglyphic writing developed
Memphis capital of Egypt
First writing on papyrus
First fixed Mortise and tenon joint
Human sacrifices formed part of the burial process

Hotepsekhemwy – c 2890 – 2850
Raneb – c 2820 – 2790
Nynetjer – c 2790 – 2740
Nebra (Raneb) – c 2740 – 2698
Wadjenes – c 2700
Senedj – c 2700
Khasekhemwy – c 2690

Government was in Thinis
Memphis remained important
Possible civil war

Sanakht – 2650 – 2630
Djoser – 2630 – 2611
Sekhemkhet – 2611 – 2605
Khaba – 2605 – 2599
Huni – 2599 – 2575

Step pyramid built at Saqqara

Sneferu – 2575 – 2551
Khufu – 2551 – 2528
Djedefre – 2528 – 2520
Khafre – 2520 – 2494
Nebka II – 2494 – 2490
Menkaure – 2490 – 2472
Shepseskaf – 2472 – 2467
Thamphthis – 2467 – 2465

Great pyramids and sphinx at Giza built
Mummification first used
Trade for cedar wood

Userkaf – 2465 – 2458
Sahure – 2458 – 2446
Neferikare – 2446 – 2438
Shepseskare – 2438 – 2431
Neferefre – 2431 – 2420
Niuserre – 2420 – 2389
Menkauhor – 2389 – 2381
Isesi – 2381 – 2353
Unis – 2353 – 2323

Mining and trade were important
Sun God Ra worshiped at Heliopolis
Osiris became important

Teti – 2323 – 2291
Userkare – 2291 – 2289
Pepi I – 2289 – 2255
Merenre I – 2255 – 2246
Pepi II – 2246 – 2152
Merenre II – 2152 – 2152
Netjerkare Siptah – 2152 – 2150

Expeditions sent to neighbouring countries to find minerals and also to trade

Neferkara I
Netjerkare
Menkare
Neferkare II
Neferkare III Nebi
Djedkara Shemai
Neferkare IV Khendu

Egypt was unstable, weak and divided
Rebellions against the rulers

Khety or Khetys
King Merekare
King Senenh or Setut
King Mer Khety

Egypt was split

King Meryhathor – 1549–1524
King Neferkare IV – 1524–1503
King Wankare (Acthoes III) – 1503–1493
King Merykare – 1493–1479 BC

Egypt remained divided

Menuhotep I – 2124 – 2120
Intef I – 2120 – 2108
Intef II – 2108 – 2059
Intef III – 2059 – 2051
Menuhotep II – 2051 – 2030

Conflict between North and South Egypt continued
Religion and the afterlife dominated people’s thoughts

Menuhotep II – 2030 – 2000
Menuhotep III – 2000 – 1988
Qakare Intef – 1985
Sekhentibre – 1985
Menekhkare – 1985
Menuhotep IV – 1988 – 1981

North and South Egypt reunited – capital Thebes
Lower Nubia conquered

Amenemhat I – 1981 – 1952
Senwosret I – 1961 – 1917
Amenemhat II – 1919 – 1885
Senwosret II – 1887 – 1878
Senwosret III – 1878 – 1840
Amenemhat III – 1859 – 1813
Amenemhat IV – 1814 – 1805

A number of works of literature were produced

Hor Auyibre
Sobekhotep II (Amenmehet VI)
Khendjer Userkare
Sobekhotep III
Neferhotep I Khasekhemwyre
Sobekhotep IV Khaneferre
Ay Merneferre
Neferhotep II
Sekhemre
Sankhtawy

Defence was weak

Nebefawre
Sehebre
Merdjefare
Sewadjkare
Nebdjefare
Webenre
Djefare
Webenre
Sheshi

Hyksos tribe conquered North Egypt
Horse drawn chariot introduced

Tao I – 1560
Tao II – 1560
Kamose – 1552 – 1550

The Thebans reclaimed control of the South

Ahmose I – 1550 – 1525
Amenhotep – 1552 – 1504
Thutmose I – 1504 – 1492
Thutmose II – 1492 – 1479
Thutmose III – 1479 – 1473
Hatshepsut – 1473 – 1458
Amenhotep II – 1427 – 1400
Thutmose IV – 1400 – 1390
Amenhotep III – 1390 – 1352
Amenhotep IV – 1352 – 1349
Akhenaten – 1349 – 1336
Neferneferuaton – 1338 – 1336
Smenkhkare – 1336
Tutankhamen – 1336 – 1327
Aya – 1327 – 1323
Haremhab – 1323 – 1295

Hyksos people expelled from Egypt
Thutmose III great military tactician
Hatshepsut first female pharaoh
Temple at Karnak built
Valley of the Kings used as burial site

Ramesses I – 1295 – 1294
Seti I – 1294 – 1279
Ramesses II – 1279 – 1213
Merneptah – 1213 – 1203
Amenmesse – 1203 – 1200
Seti II – 1200 – 1194
Siptah – 1194 – 1188
Tawosret – 1188 – 1186

Seti I and Ramesses II campaigned against the Libyans
Ramesses II defeated the Hittites

Setnakht – 1186 – 1184
Ramesses III – 1184 – 1153
Ramesses IV – 1153 – 1147
Ramesses V – 1147 – 1143
Ramesses VI – 1143 – 1136
Ramesses VII – 1136 – 1129
Ramesses VIII – 1129 – 1126
Ramesses IX – 1126 – 1108
Ramesses X – 1108 – 1099
Ramesses XI – 1099 – 1070

Setnakht was the victim of an attempted coup and assassination.
The coup failed
Royal power weakened

Smendes – 1070 – 1044
Amenemnisu – 1044 – 1040
Psusennes I – 1040 – 992
Amenemope – 993 – 984
Osochor – 984 – 978
Siamun – 978 – 959
Psiusennes II – 959 – 945

Ancient Egypt divided – northern capital Tanis, southern capital Thebes
Shoshenk reunited Egypt
Egypt lost control of Israel and Lebanon

King Shoshenq I 945–924
King Osorkon I 924–909
King Takelot I 909–883
King Shoshenq II 883
King Osorkon II 883–855
King Takelot II 860–835
King Shoshenq III 835–783
King Shoshenq IV 783–773
King Shoshenq V 773–735
King Osorkon IV 735–712

The Libyans took over the rule of Northern Egypt
Egyptians wanted independence from Libyan rulers

Pedubaste I – 818 – 793
Iuput I – 800
Sheshonq IV – 793 – 787
Oskoron III – 787 – 759
Takelot III – 764 – 757
Rudamun – 757 – 754
Iuput II – 754 – 712
Peftjaubast – 740 – 725
Namlot – 740
Thutemhat – 720

Ancient Egypt was in a state of chaos with rulers ruling small areas

Tefnakht – 724 – 717
Bakenrenef – 717 – 712

Tefnakht attempted to conquer Upper Egypt

Piye – 743 – 712
Shabaqo – 712 – 698
Shebitqo – 698 – 690
Taharqo – 690 – 664
Tanutamani – 664 – 653

Egypt re-united

Nikauba – 688 – 672
Necho I – 672 – 664
Psamtik I – 664 – 610
Necho II – 610 – 595
Psamtik II – 595 – 589
Apries – 589 – 570
Amasis – 570 – 526
Psamtik III – 526 – 525

Persians conquered Ancient Egypt

Cambyses – 525 – 522
Darius I – 521 – 486
Xerxes I – 486 – 466
Artaxerxes I 465 – 424
Darius II – 424 – 404

Egypt was under Persian rule

Pedubaste III – 522 – 520
Psamtik IV – 470
Imaros – 460
Amyrtaios I – 460
Thannyros – 445
Pausiris – 445
Psamtik V – 445
Psamtik VI – 400
Amyrtaios II – 404 – 399

Amyrtaios led a successful raid against the Persians

Nepherites I – 399 – 393
Psammuthis – 393
Achoris – 393 – 380
Nepherites II – 380

Persian re-conquest resisted

Nectanebo – 380 – 362
Teos – 365 – 360
Nectanebo II – 360 – 343

Persian takeover attempts
Alexander the Great conquered Egypt in 332