English History Timeline 1250-1259

A son, John, was born to King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence.

A son, William, was born to King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence.

King Henry’s daughter Margaret, married Alexander III of Scotland.

A daughter, Katherine, was born to Henry III and Eleanor of Provence.

The Sicilian Crisis
Henry made an agreement with the Pope that his son, Edmund should be King of Sicily. Edmund was to march at the head of an army into Sicily and take it from the former King of Sicily’s son. The Pope, Innocent III, agreed to contribute to the cost of the venture. However, Innocent died and was succeeded by Alexander IV who refused to contribute financially and requested repayment of monies already paid.

For the first time elected representatives from each shire were sent to Parliament.

King Henry III led a campaign in France to try to regain lost land but was unsuccessful.

Prince Edward married Eleanor of Castile.

Llywelyn ap Gruffydd rebelled against English control in Wales and declared himself Prince of Wales.

Henry, supported by his son, Edward, defeated Llywelyn ap Gruffydd and took back control of Wales.

Henry’s daughter, Katherine, who had been mute, died.

Sicilian Crisis
Pope Alexander IV sent an envoy to England demanding repayment of costs incurred by the papacy in funding an army to go to Sicily. Henry was told that if he did not pay he would be excommunicated. Furthermore, Henry was to fund the army himself and reclaim Sicily. Henry asked parliament for money but his request was denied.

Treaty of Paris
This treaty agreed a peace between England and France. It officially recognised King John’s loss of Normandy and Poitou to France but confirmed England’s possession of Aquitaine.

Henry, supported by his son, Edward, defeated Llywelyn ap Gruffydd and took back control of Wales.